Vulcanization is a chemical process in which the rubber is heated with sulphur, accelerator and activator at 140-170°C. The process involves the formation of cross-links between long rubber molecules so as to achieve improved elasticity, resilience, tensile strength, viscosity, hardness and weather resistance
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Vulcanization with sulfur
The most common vulcanizing methods depend on sulfur. Sulfur, by itself, is a slow vulcanizing agent and does not vulcanize synthetic polyolefins. Accelerated vulcanization is carried out using various compounds that modify the kinetics of crosslinking;[7] this mixture is often referred to as a cure package. The main polymers subjected to sulfur vulcanization are polyisoprene (natural rubber) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), which are used for most street-vehicle tires. The cure package is adjusted specifically for the substrate and the application. The reactive sites-cure sites-are allylic hydrogen atoms. These C-H bonds are adjacent to carbon-carbon double bonds (>C=C<). During vulcanization, some of these C-H bonds are replaced by chains of sulfur atoms that link with a cure site of another polymer chain. These bridges contain between one and several atoms. The number of sulfur atoms in the crosslink strongly influences the physical properties of the final rubber article. Short crosslinks give the rubber better heat resistance. Crosslinks with higher number of sulfur atoms give the rubber good dynamic properties but less heat resistance. Dynamic properties are important for flexing movements of the rubber article, e.g., the movement of a side-wall of a running tire. Without good flexing properties these movements rapidly form cracks, and ultimately will make the rubber article fail.
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Vulcanization of polychloroprene
The vulcanization of neoprene or polychloroprene rubber (CR rubber) is carried out using metal oxides (specifically MgO and ZnO, sometimes Pb3O4) rather than sulfur compounds which are presently used with many natural and synthetic rubbers. In addition, because of various processing factors (principally scorch, this being the premature cross-linking of rubbers due to the influence of heat), the choice of accelerator is governed by different rules to other diene rubbers. Most conventionally used accelerators are problematic when CR rubbers are cured and the most important accelerant has been found to be ethylene thiourea (ETU), which, although being an excellent and proven accelerator for polychloroprene, has been classified as reprotoxic. The European rubber industry has started a research project SafeRubber to develop a safer alternative to the use of ETU.
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1 Parameter for EVA TPE NBR foam products Vulcanizing Press Machine
| Parameter/model |
JSD-
1300×2000X1 |
JSD-
1200×2500×1 |
JSD
1500×2000×1 |
JSD
2000×3000×1 |
| Total Pressure(MN) |
5.6 |
7.5 |
10 |
18 |
| Plate Size(mm) |
1300×2000 |
1200×2500 |
1500×2500 |
2000×3000 |
| Daylight(mm) |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
| Daylight Qty |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Piston Stroke(mm) |
400 |
400 |
400 |
400 |
| Unit Area Pressure(Mpa) |
2.15 |
2.5 |
3.3 |
3 |
| Main Motor Power(KW) |
8 |
9.5 |
11 |
26 |
| Overall Dimension(mm) |
2000×1860×2500 |
2560×1700×2780 |
2810×1550×3325 |
2900×3200×2860 |
| Weight(KG) |
17000 |
20000 |
24000 |
66000 |
2 Configuration for EVA TPE NBR Foam products Vulcanizing Press Machine, Rubber and plastic EVA TPE NBR curing Press
A:Frame: The material is Q345 steel welded, and using Co2 protection welding process. high strength, no air hole, not easy broken, then using the tempering process, to release the internal stress. can not out of shape, at last using the CNC machining center treatment.
B:Heating pipes: Stainless steel ,long using life, material is SUS304
C:Plunger: Vanadium and titanium Alloy Chilled Cast Iron, High hardness (68~72HS )and good abrasion , resistance, can not easy broke the seals
D:Hydraulic cylinder: Nodular cast iron, the material is QT-500, hardness 68~72 HS, using the annealing treatment, and flaw detection process choose the best one.
E:The heating plate :35# steel
F: Thermal baffle: Silicon 3 Calcium plate, not easy broke seals
G: Valve: Cartridge valve, not easy broken and no need maintain brand from Huade
H:Hydraulic pump: Brand from YUCI YUKEN HYDRAULICS Co., LTD
I: Low-voltage apparatus: The brand from Schnaeider or Mitsubishi Zhengtai
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